Southern pine solid wood and wood fiber were reacted with acetic anhydride to various acetyl weight gains. The equilibrium moisture content (EMC) was determined on these specimens at 30%, 65% …
There are several levels of learning. The first level is our observations of some phenomenon. We may not understand what is going on but it has started our process of …
The ratio of heartwood and sapwood influences the mass of the tree trunk and logs, since sapwood moisture content and density in the freshly felled timber differ considerably from that …
Use of natural hydrophobic treatments, such as oils, is increasing. These treatments are applied to improve overall performance of non-durable wood species in use class 3 applications (above ground). The …
The goal of this research is to study the properties of composite materials where birch false heartwood is used as filler material and suggest an economically suitable use for birch …
In wood, water is taken up both in cell walls and as capillary water in macro voids such as cell lumina and pit chambers. Because of the relatively large dimensions …
The properties of wood as material and its usability in many applications depend on its moisturecontent and history. In spite of of extensive research (Engelund et al., 2013), the effects …
Moisture affects most physical properties of wood. Like other porous materials, wood exhibits sorption hysteresis, i.e. the equilibrium moisture content depends on both ambient climate and moisture history. If equilibrium …
Airtightness of building envelope has become an important property of building envelope. The building envelope is locally sensitive to exfiltration airflow, as moisture convection could cause a remarkable increase in …
The macroscopic properties of wood are fundamentally derived from the properties of individual wood cells and especially their thick cell walls with much emphasis on how the cells interact with …
The transverse compression of wood under non-destructive conditions (densification) leads to an improvement of the mechanical properties. In surface densification – as opposed to bulk densification – only a thin …
A wooden facade system of pine has been developed, adapted for buildings up to eight stories in an urban environment in terms of requirements for fire safety, aesthetic design and …
Wood as an organic material is susceptible to biotic and abiotic deterioration. Archaeological wood,regardless of its place of service (buried, submerged, exposed, etc.) continues to provide new information.The study of …
Wood susceptibility to fungal degradation may be reduced by a range of non-toxic wood modification methods. Some modification methods alter wood-water interactions, which could be the reason for its improved …
Understanding wood-water interaction is crucial to predict and possibly manipulate dimensional changes and degradation of structural wood (Sandberg 2017; Thybring 2021; Thybring 2018). Raman Spectroscopy (RS) has been used with …
