Conventional wood adhesives are fossil-based adhesives that can provide great adhesive strength, thermal stability, low initial viscosity and great moisture resistance (Ferdosian F 2017). Conventional wood adhesives have been studied widely in terms of penetration at all possible scales in wood substrates and cells walls (Kamke FA 2007, Bastani A 2016, Kamke FA 2016, Grzelec A 2025). The problem is that classic microscopy is destructive to the adhesive and the substrate while standard XμCT is suitable for routine analysis.
Thus, the specific aim of this study was to develop imaging and analytical methods to study adhesive penetration at multiscale levels in relation to (surface and interfacial adhesion, porous substrate structure, adhesive curing, adhesive stability and changed humidity) for bio-adhesives coupled with three-dimensional (3D) visualization analysis.
Keywords: Adhesives penetration, Wood, X-Ray tomography, Light microscopy
Authors
Faisal Zeeshan
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Dept. of SBT, Uppsala, Sweden
Stergios Adamopoulos
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Dept. of SBT, Uppsala, Sweden
Amanda Kaarna
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Dept. of SBT, Uppsala, Sweden
Raffaello Papadakis
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Dept. of SBT, Uppsala, Sweden
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